Old Edinburgh Castle is a prominent landmark in the Scottish capital, standing atop a dramatic rocky outcrop. The castle has been a royal residence, military fortress and prison since the 11th century and is now one of Scotland’s most visited attractions. Its location and strategic importance have made it a symbol of Scotland’s independence and pride.
History of Old Edinburgh Castle
The first record of a fortification on the site of Old Edinburgh Castle dates back to the Iron Age, around the 6th century BC. In the 11th century, King Malcolm III chose the site as the location for a royal residence. The castle soon became a symbol of the monarchy’s power and was the site of several sieges over the centuries. During the Wars of Scottish Independence, it was the last stronghold of the English and was finally captured by the Scots in 1314.
The castle remained a royal residence for the next two centuries, and in 1566, Mary, Queen of Scots, was born in the castle. During the 1650s, the castle was captured by Oliver Cromwell and used as a prison for royalists. In the 18th century, the castle was used as a military barracks and prison. It was later turned into a tourist attraction in the 19th century.
Architecture of Old Edinburgh Castle
Old Edinburgh Castle is an impressive structure, standing atop a rocky outcrop and dominating the city skyline. The castle is built in a typical medieval style, with a number of towers and walls protecting the inner courtyard. The most prominent of these is the 16th century Great Hall, which stands at the entrance to the castle. Other notable buildings within the castle walls include the Scottish National War Memorial, the Half Moon Battery and St Margaret’s Chapel, the oldest surviving building in Edinburgh.
Visiting Old Edinburgh Castle
Old Edinburgh Castle is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Scotland, attracting more than one million visitors every year. The castle is open daily from 9am to 6pm, with longer opening hours in the summer months. Admission prices vary, but discounts are available for children, students and seniors. There is also a range of guided tours and events taking place throughout the year.
What to See at Old Edinburgh Castle
- Great Hall
- Scottish National War Memorial
- Half Moon Battery
- St Margaret’s Chapel
- Mons Meg Cannon
- Crown Jewels
- Royal Palace
Events at Old Edinburgh Castle
- Summer Solstice Celebrations
- Halloween Fireworks
- Christmas Market
- Historic Military Tattoo
- Re-enactment Days
- Battle of Bannockburn
Old Edinburgh Castle is a must-see destination for anyone visiting Scotland. Its rich history and stunning architecture make it one of the most iconic attractions in the country, and its location atop the rocky outcrop makes it an impressive sight. Whether you’re a history buff or simply looking for a great day out, Old Edinburgh Castle is sure to be an unforgettable experience.