The Basilica Cistern is a stunning underground chamber located beneath the city of Istanbul, Turkey. It was built in the 6th century during the reign of the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I, and is considered one of the most impressive ancient monuments in the world.
History
The Basilica Cistern was originally constructed to provide a reliable water supply to the city of Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire. The cistern was built by the architects Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus, who used 336 marble columns to support the roof.
The cistern was built using the same engineering techniques that were used to build the Great Palace of Constantinople. The cistern was filled with water from the nearby Aqueduct of Valens and was capable of storing up to 80,000 cubic meters of water.
The cistern was used for centuries to provide the city with fresh water, but it eventually fell into disrepair. It was rediscovered in 1545 by the Turkish conqueror, Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent.
Architecture
The Basilica Cistern is a vast underground chamber measuring 140 meters by 70 meters. It is supported by 336 marble columns, each 9 meters high, arranged in 12 rows of 28 columns.
The columns are decorated with a variety of ornamental features, including Medusa heads, bulls’ heads, and intertwining acanthus leaves. The cistern is also filled with a deep layer of water, which gives it an eerie atmosphere.
Myths and Legends
The Basilica Cistern is the subject of many myths and legends. It is said that the cistern was built to contain a giant sea monster, which was released to protect the city from invaders. Other legends claim that the cistern was the site of secret meetings between the Byzantine Emperor and his courtiers.
Modern Day
Today, the Basilica Cistern is a popular tourist attraction. Visitors can take a tour of the cistern and learn about its history and architecture. The cistern is also home to a variety of fish, which can be seen swimming in the water.
Conclusion
The Basilica Cistern is an impressive ancient monument that is a testament to the engineering prowess of the Byzantine Empire. It is a popular tourist attraction and a reminder of the city’s rich history.
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